Indus valley civilization or harappan culture complete study material pdf free download for various competitive exams like upsc, appsc, tspsc and other state psc exams in india. There is an indus valley site on the oxus river at shortugai and extending towards alamgirpur on the hindon river located only 28 km from delhi, india. The salient features of the indus valley civilization are as follows. Indus valley civilization or harappan culture study. Abcclios understanding ancient civilizations series. The indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization in the indian subcontinent. This superb catalogue is available below as a free pdf. Indus valley civilization indus valley civilization or harappan civilization, the earliest known urban culture of the indian subcontinent. The harappan civilization, also known as the indus valley civilization 2600 bc1900 bc, is the focus of a resource packet that details the rise and fall of a culture that existed in india during the chalcolithic period of history.
The main objective of this article not to innovate new theories of the indus valley. The indus valley is located on the eastern side of the. Swimming pool called great bath was found intools made with. The history of india begins with the birth of the indus valley civilization ivc, also known as harappan civilization. Indus river valley civilization was discovered by the archaeologists in the 1920s it flourished in the bronze age 33000 bce. Harrapan civilization was first excavated by sir john marshall in 1921.
Harappan civilization download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. Hunters, gatherers, weather variations were high, no metal, no pottery, no fire, totally dependent on nature. Indus valley civilization chapterwise indian history. It flourished around 2,500 bc, in the western part of south asia, in contemporary pakistan and western india. Mcintosh santa barbara, california denver, colorado oxford, england.
Indus civilization, also called indus valley civilization or harappan civilization, the earliest known urban culture of the indian subcontinent. But early indus valley civilization had existed even before bc. It is said that when a society invented tools, writing and a calendar, it took a greant step in its march towards civilization. Indus valley civilization questions indus valley civilization quiz details aspirants know very well that history, is an important area from which a major share of questions come in ssc, railway, state government recruitment exams, upsc prelims and mains. This civilisation is credited for building cities complete with. The harappan civilization lasted for about one thousand years. Indus valley civilization notes pdf for upsc 2021 related links. Archae ologists call this civilization the harappan culture or indus valley civilization. See all quizzes go to topic question 5 where was the indus valley civilization located. The indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization located in what is pakistan and northwest india today, on the fertile flood plain of the indus river and its vicinity.
It extended from jammu in the north to the narmada estuary in the south, and from the makran coast of baluchistan in the west to. The indus valley civilization, 2800 bc1800 bc, was an ancient civilization thriving along the indus river and the ghaggarhakra river in what is now pakistan. Garg, divya case study city planning and organization of. Bhimbetka located in bhopal and more than 500 cave paintings are there of paleolithic era. Students will watch a video lesson that explains what life was like in this civilization, details its two major. The salient features of the indus valley civilization history. People of the indus valley civilization were mostly. Farming settlements began around 4000 bce and around 3000 bce there appeared the first signs of urbanization. Powered by create your own unique website with customizable templates.
A vast ancient civilization developed along the valley of the river indus in what is now modernday india and pakistan. The indus valley civilization is the first known urban culture in india. Mehrgarh is one of the earliest sites with evidence of farming and herding in south asia. Indus valley civilization was the first major civilization in south asia, which spread across a vast area of land in presentday india and pakistan around 12 lakh sq. As we have covered the prehistoric arts of india in the last article, we shall move. Aug 27, 2015 indus valley civilization 23501750 bc is also called as harappan civilization because harappa was the first site to be excavated in 1921 under the supervision of daya ram sahni. It is also referred to as harappan civilization owing to the fact that this. The indus valley civilization is also sometimes referred to as the harappa or harappan civilization of the indus valley, in reference to its first excavated city of harappa. In this article, we are providing you with a pdf which contains important facts related to indus valley civilization, pre history sites, their location, specification etc. They always followed the same construction pattern of their cities devastated in floods. Periodisation of the indus valley civilisation wikipedia. Study of growth of the indus civilisation by network analysis initially it is a random network.
The indus valley civilisation ivc was a bronze age civilisation in the northwestern regions of south asia, lasting from 3300 bce to 0 bce, and in its mature form from 2600 bce to 1900 bce. It is considered one of the earliest urbanized civilization of the world. By jonathan mark kenoyer ancient cities of the indus valley civilization by jonathan mark kenoyer this lavishly illustrated book presents a coherent and fascinating account of the indus valley civilization that will. Indus river valley civilizations if youre seeing this message, it means were having trouble loading external resources on our website. The excavations at harappa in punjab pakistan conducted by joint usa and pakistani teams since 1986 have provided much detailed new information on the development, nature, and significance of this large ancient indus civilization urban center. Indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization 33000bc located in northwest indian subcontinent including present day, pakistan, northwest india on. People of the indus valley civilization kept domesticated animals like water buffaloes. Indus valley civilization early vadic civilization later vadic civilization buddhism jainism early pandyas rise of magadha persiangreek invasions mauryan empire satavahanas cholas guptas kushanskanishka harsha vardhana pallavas badami chalukyas indian culture abroad rajputs muslim invasions delhi sultans kakatiyas vijayanagara empire later. Indus valley civilization ncert notes for the ias exam. Culture of indus valley civilization in india study material.
Several periodisations are employed for the periodisation of the indus valley civilisation. The indus valley civilization was a bronze age civilization33000 bc. Indus valley civilization simple english wikipedia, the. The aryan civilization was once thought to be the oldest culture in india. Indus valley civilization is also known as the harappa civilization. Practicing all indus valley civilization mcq questions and answers in online helps you to improve your ability to attend the real time ssc entrance exams. Culture of indus valley civilization in india study. Indian history indus valley civilization early vedic civilization later vedic civilization buddhism jainism 16 mahajanapadas rise of magadha haryankadynasty sisunaga dynasty nandas alexander invasions on india mauryan empire sungas kanvas indogreeks guptas harshavardhana satavahanas sangam age kushanskanishka badami chalukyas kalyani. Vahia, yadav reconstructing the history of harappan civilization 29 indus valley close to mehrgarh but in a far away region of hakra basin in harappa around 3200 bc and seems to be an indigenous development. The civilization was first identified in 1921 at harappa in the punjab. Hereby we have provided you key points about indus valley civilzation which are important from examination point of view.
Use this lesson plan to teach your students about the indus valley civilization. It is an ancient civilization thriving along the indus river now in pakistan. Indus valley civilization is the one of the oldest ancient civilizations of the world. The first olympic games were held in greece in 776 bce.
Civilization civilization denotes an advanced state of culture. Causes of decline of the indus valley civilization introduction. Indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization that thrived along the course of indus river in northwestern part of indian subcontinent. The coexistence of urban and rural lifestyles in a symbiotic manner was an important feature of the civilisation. It developed along the indus river and the ghaggarhakra river. Infection, disease, and biosocial processes at the end of the indus. In this post, lets see the features of indus valley civilisation arts as part of the indian culture notes based on the ncert text an introduction to indian art part 1. The indus valley civilisation is an important part of ancient indian history for the ias exam. This socalled prearyan civilization is said to be evidenced by the large urban ruins of what has been called the indus valley culture as most of its initial sites were on the indus river. The time period of mature indus valley civilization is estimated between bc. Researchers have found swastikas a symbol that generally takes the form of an equilateral cross,hindu gods shiva and rudra, and a mother goddess symbolizing fertility. Which of the following about the indus valley civilization is correct. Absence of grandiose structures and large standing army suggest that the civilisation was more like a greek poleis but 2000 years.
The indus valley civilization encompassed most of pakistan, extending from balochistan to sindh, and extending iddidiinto modern day indian states of gujarat, rajasthan, haryana, and punjab, with an upward reach to rupar on the upperon the upper sutlej. Indus valley civilization a primary phase culture little or no continuity with the following cultures forgotten until the 19th century rediscovered by the british, while building railroads. Pdf genesis of the indus valley civilization mohammad rafique. The height of its development was between 2600 and 1900 bc. Indus valley civilization page 1 indus valley civilization the indus valley in the indian subcontinent was one of the early centres where man settled down and progressed to lead a highly civilized life. The indus valley civilisation was one of the first great civilisations having a writing system, urban centres and a diversified social and economic system. Evidence of religious practices in this area date back approximately to 5500 bce. Indus valley civilization karnataka pcs free notes.
However, the initial hump suggests that it is a distributed scale invariant network with almost 3 strong nuclei and about 30 smaller nuclei. When 19thcentury explorers and 20thcentury archaeologists rediscovered the ancient indus valley civilization, the history of. She has been featured by npr and national geographic for her ancient history expertise. History, archaeology and the indus civilisation pdf. New interpretations on indus valley civilization by jeyakumar ramasami. Geographically, the civilization was spread over an area of some 1,260,000 km, making it the largest ancient civilization in the world. Sal explores the history of this civilization, its technological innovations, its art, its architectural practices, and its agriculture. Geographical factors like climate, fertility of the soil and the physical features greatly contributed to the progress and development of man. City planning and organization of indus valley civilization ischools. The civilization began to flourish about 4,500 years ago and was centered in the vast river. This is a list of indus valley civilization discoveries. Among other names of this civilization is harappa civilization.
Indus valley civilization was located on the banks of the river indus, particularly at the bends that provided water, easy means of. Indus valley civilization was the first major civilization in south asia, which spread across a vast area of land in present day india and pakistan around 12 lakh sq. It developed along the indus river and the ghaggarhakra river, in the area of modern pakistan and northwest india and afghanistan. Pdf architecture of indus valley civilisation sweety. Introduction to indus valley civilization harappan civilization. Archaeological evidence shows that many of the major cities of the harappan civilization, like harappa, mohenjodaro, and dholavira faced abandonment. The indus valley civilisation began in 3250 bc and reached its extinction in 1500 bc, making it down in history as one of the worlds longest surviving civilisations. Indus valley civilizationmcqsobjective type questions. The harappan civilization was followed by the vedic period, which lasted up to the 5th century bc, yet many historians object that the carvings presumably belonging to indus valley civilization, as they carry the images of women dressed in sari, a traditional indian female clothing item which would have been impossible to be found in harappan age period, so also were the. The indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization located in what is pakistan and northwest india today, on the fertile flood plain of the. Indus valley civilization the indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization located in what is pakistan and northwest india today, on the fertile flood plain of the indus river and its vicinity. If youre behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains. The end of the indus civilization and the postharappan period, 425 economy, trade, and foreign relations, 425 industry, technology, and science, 426.
For a while, in about 2500 bce, it was one of the greatest civilizations of the world. The social and economic life of the people of indus valley civilization harappan civilization was systematic and organised in this article we will discuss about the food, social dress, ornaments, house hold articles, amusements, trade, social class and structure, religion and funerary customs of the people of indus valley civilization. The indus valley civilization ended around 1,500 bce. The areas are now in modern pakistan, northwest india and afghanistan. The nuclear dates of the civilization appear to be about 25001700 bce, though the southern sites may have lasted later into the 2nd millennium bce. Rafique mughal south asias first civilization known as the harappan or indus civilization was al ready. Montgomery district of punjab pakistan on the bank of ravi major finding.
Indus valley civilization was one among the three early civilizations of the world. Read and learn for free about the following article. In time, these communities gave rise to indias first civilization, which developed in the valley of the indus river. Bronze age civilisation major sites h ar p first ivc sites to be excavated excavated by daya ram sahini in 1921 location. Reconstructing the history of harappan civilization. Mcqquiz test mcq on indus civilization indus civilization is considered to be the oldest civilization in the world. The indus valley civilisation ivc was a bronze age civilisation in the northwestern regions of. The main objective of this article not to innovate new theories of the indus valley civilization, but to reexamine the all available data and write in a concise form for ease of understanding of.
A large community acquires this status by revolutions in each sphere or aspect of culture. The indus valley civilization was established around 3300 bc. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Indus river valley civilizations article khan academy. Indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization that thrived along the. Majority of the sites developed on the banks of river indus, ghaggar and its tributaries. At first, people lived as huntergatherers, but slowly people began to settle down in farming communities. In this post, we are providing complete study material on indus valley civilization which existed in india about 5000 years ago. Indus valley civilisation or harappan civilisation is an important period of ancient history. Dec 24, 2017 who built the indus valley civilization.
People of the indus valley civilization were mostly nomads. Next question quiz yourself on the indus valley civilization. Revised notes and live class indus valley civilization. Indus valley civilization people have lived in the northern parts of the indian subcontinent for thousands of years. Questions home cuyahoga falls city school district. It predated the aryan civilization by about 500 years. Major sites h ar p first ivc sites to be excavated location. Indus valley civilization pdf important points short. Once they become large, they evolved into scale invariant behaviour. The indus valley the harappan or indus civilization the fertility of the indus valley lured farmers to the rivers banks in about 2500 b. Indus valley civilization teacher resources lesson planet. The indus river valley or harappan civilization lasted for 2,000 years, and extended from what is today northeast afghanistan to pakistan and northwest india.
The four principal settlements so far excavated provide the material to reconstruct the cultural content of the civilization. Archaeological records justify that the indus civilization showed no evidence of armies, kings, slaves, social conflict, prisons, and other oftnegative traits that we traditionally associate with early civilization. Arts of indus valley civilization indian culture series. While the indus valley civilisation was divided into early, mature and late harappan by archaeologists like mortimer wheeler, newer periodisations include the neolithic early farming settlements, and use a stagephase model, often combining terminology from various systems. Indus valley civilization was one of the worlds first great civilizations. Thus, indus valley civilization was a meticulously planned, wellorganized egalitarian society. The people who lived along the indus river developed one of the worlds first great urban civilizations. Indus valley civilization mcq questions and answers. This indus valley civilization flourished around 4000 b. Indus valley seal rhinoceros on an indus valley seal. A detailed note about the features, sites, society, religion etc.
Aug 24, 20 indus valley the harappan culture existed along the indus river in what is present day pakistan. Aspects of indus culture harappan had a conservative outlook and their culture remained almost unchanged for centuries. The harappan culture covered parts of punjab, sind, baluchistan, gujarat, rajasthan and the fringes of western uttar pradesh. Indus valley civilization indus valley civilization existed between 33001500 bc in three phases namely early, mature and late phases. Indus valley civilization ancient history encyclopedia. Indus valley civilization after it was introduced by the aryans. As of 2019, over 1500 indus valley civilization sites have been discovered, of which 475 sites are in pakistan and 925 sites in india, while some sites in afghanistan are believed to be trading colonies. Indus valley civilization pdf dear friends, hereby we have provided you key points about indus valley civilzation which are important from examination point of view basic facts about indus valley civilization. Harappa and the city of mohenjodaro were important centers of the indus valley civilization. The indus civilization represents the earliest manifestation of urban development in the plains of the indus valley and its extension along the arabian seacoast. The discovery of indus valley civilization brought the indian subcontinent into limelight as home to one of the most ancient human civilizations and gave scope to many scholars to present an argument that the indian subcontinent, as a land of racial, ethnic and linguistic diversity from time immemorial and as a land that stood in the way of waves of migrating.
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